Cardiovascular disease (CVD) encompasses a range of conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels, including coronary artery diseases like angina and heart attacks, heart failure, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, valvular heart disease, carditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease, thromboembolic disease, and venous thrombosis. It involves anatomical entities in the blood, heart, blood vessels, or lymphatic system that transport nutrients, gases, hormones, blood cells, and lymph to maintain homeostasis and combat diseases.