Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by dementia, parkinsonism, fluctuating cognitive function, visual hallucinations, falls, syncopal episodes, and sensitivity to neuroleptic medication. Lewy bodies, brainstem or cortical intraneuronal accumulations of aggregated proteins, are the essential pathologic feature. DLB may also exhibit Alzheimer disease-associated pathology and spongiform changes. It is one of the most common types of dementia in older adults, affecting memory, language skills, visual perception, problem-solving, and daily tasks. Lewy bodies, made of alpha-synuclein protein, disrupt brain function, leading to cognitive, movement, and mood issues. The disease progresses over time, with symptoms starting slowly and worsening. Diagnosis can be challenging due to overlapping symptoms with other brain diseases. LBD typically begins at age 50 or older, affecting slightly more men than women. The disease lasts an average of five to seven years from diagnosis to death, with symptoms varying in severity and progression. Treatment may help manage some symptoms, but there is currently no cure. Lewy bodies affect various brain regions, leading to widespread damage and decline in brain functions. Symptoms include REM sleep behavior disorder, dementia, visual hallucinations, and parkinsonism, with individuals requiring increasing assistance as the disease advances.